A body position in bed-rest studies that simulates microgravity effects.

Compounds that protect cells from oxidative damage caused by radiation in space.

The physical and psychological urge to eat, often reduced in space.

A ground simulation of weightlessness used to study astronaut health.

An integrated system that recycles air, water, and waste while producing fresh food to support long-duration spaceflight.

The loss of bone density in microgravity environments.

Strength and mass of bones, affected by microgravity in space.

The breakdown of bone tissue, increased in weightlessness.

A key mineral needed for strong bones and cellular function.

The specific energy astronauts need to maintain health in space.

Calories per unit of food weight or volume, important for efficient space meals.

Weakening of the heart and vessels in microgravity.

Difficulty passing stool, often affected by diet in space.

Emergency food rations aboard spacecraft.

A research tool where every aspect of food intake is regulated.

High-calorie, durable chocolate bars developed for emergency use, influencing space food energy bars.

Plant carbohydrates that support digestion and gut health during spaceflight.

A scan that measures bone and muscle health during studies.

Regulation of essential minerals like sodium, potassium, and calcium.

The amount of energy (calories) per gram of food.

Total calories used by astronauts for metabolism and activity in space.

The upward movement of fluids in the body caused by microgravity.

The extent to which astronauts find space food enjoyable and acceptable, affecting their appetite and morale.

Techniques to keep space food safe and nutritious over long missions.

The process of adding water to dehydrated food before consumption in space.

A food preservation process that removes moisture to prevent spoilage.

Foods that offer health benefits beyond basic nutrition.

Time taken for food to travel through the digestive tract.

Microorganisms in the gut that influence digestion and immune health in space.

Digestive system health critical for nutrient absorption in space.

The link between digestive health and mood in space.

NASA’s analog for deep space mission nutrition research.

The body's fluid balance in space,

A diet that provides exactly enough energy for balance.

Mars habitat analog on Earth studying crew nutrition and health.

The balance of carbs, proteins, and fats tailored for astronaut health.

Essential nutrients including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

A mineral critical for muscles, nerves, and bones in space.

Long-term Mars mission simulation research.

A decrease in appetite caused by repetitive consumption of similar foods over time during space missions.

Biological indicators of metabolism and nutritional status.

The speed at which the body burns energy in space.

The body's system for converting food into energy.

Collecting data on gut bacteria during space studies.

A near-weightless environment experienced in space that alters digestion and nutrient absorption.

Essential vitamins and minerals required in small amounts for health.

The reduction of muscle mass due to prolonged microgravity exposure.

Underwater habitat simulation of space mission conditions.

A measure of protein turnover, muscle loss, or gain.

How effectively astronauts absorb nutrients from space food.

How well nutrients are absorbed and utilized by the body.

The ability of nutrients to remain effective and unchanged over time.

Essential components of food that support astronaut health.

Dietary strategies to prevent or reduce the negative effects of space travel.

Tracking astronaut dietary intake and health markers.

How appealing and tasty space food is to astronauts.

Muscles used for posture that weaken in microgravity.

A key electrolyte for heart and muscle function in space.

Beneficial bacteria that support digestive and immune health.

A key nutrient for tissue repair and muscle maintenance.

The absorption of harmful space radiation that can impact astronaut health.

Strength training used to combat muscle loss in space.

Heat-sterilized food packaging for shelf-stable space meals.

Testing food characteristics like taste, texture, and smell for astronaut acceptability.

Foods that remain safe and edible for long periods without refrigeration.

Sodium levels must be carefully managed in space diets.

Early energy bars designed for consumption in microgravity.

Integrated technologies and processes for storing, preparing, and delivering food in space.

Freeze-dried ice cream developed as a novelty space treat.

Vision changes related to spaceflight fluid shifts.

Early powdered drink used by NASA astronauts for hydration and vitamin C.

A food preservation method using heat to ensure long shelf-life.

Compensating for lack of sunlight with dietary vitamin D.